
DEFINITION: If your primary goal is not
legal tax efficiency but simply access to a low cost way of sheltering
assets and providing privacy, a standalone Nevis Limited Liability
Company may be ideal. A Limited Liability Company (or LLC) is a form
of company or corporation that enjoys some distinctions from "normal"
companies. At the most simple level, think of an LLC as a sleek cross
between a company and a partnership, with all of the benefits of both.
The general advantages of LLCs are enhanced by the jurisdictional
advantage of Nevis, the first offshore financial centre anywhere
to enact a Limited Liability Ordinance.
EXCELLENT PRIVACY:
- Since the beneficial owners and/or managers are not registered
anywhere an LLC provides complete anonymity.
- Nevis has strict privacy oriented laws that forbid any registering,
recording, or disclosure of directors and shareholders of exempt
companies incorporated there. This means that no annual or other
reports by members need to be filed in the public records of Nevis;
therefore, there is complete anonymity and their identities are
not accessible by any outside party.
- The company's records may be located anywhere in the world
EXCELLENT ASSET PROTECTION FEATURES:
- A Nevis LLC enables you to protect your assets and funds from
government agencies, creditors, and lawsuits.
- As an owner, you are not exposed to personal liability.
- As an owner, you can participate in management without becoming
personally liable for the company's debts.
- A Nevis LLC is particularly advantageous for asset protection
purposes since there are no shares that can be attached by a court
of law.
- Members are not liable for obligations of the company.
OTHER LLC BENEFITS: LLCs provide these additional advantages:
- LLCs provide a mechanism by which managers can limit the authority
of non-managing members.
- LLCs have no limitation on the number of members.
- There are no limitations on ownership of an LLC.
- No corporate tax, income tax, withholding tax, stamp tax, asset
tax, exchange controls or
other fees or taxes are levied in Nevis on assets or income
originating outside of Nevis.
- Members of Nevis LLCs may be individuals or business entities
of any nationality or domicile.
- Nevis LLCs may amend their Articles of Organisation, merge,
or consolidate with other domestic or foreign LLCs or other business
entities.
- Members of Nevis LLCs may assign their interests to other parties
unless restricted otherwise.
- Nevis permits sole member LLCs.
- Management of LLCs may be accomplished by the members or by
managers designated by the members.
- Nevis LLCs face no stock limitations and can issue preferred
interests analogous to preferred stock of corporations.
- A Nevis LLC is an excellent vehicle if used by a group of investors
for a joint venture investment. In this respect it functions as
if it were a Limited Partnership, but with all the added features
and advantages mentioned above of an LLC that Limited Partnerships
for the most part do not have.
- A Nevis LLC can be set up within 24 hours and has low initial
cost and low annual fees.
Deeper Understanding on the efficacy of LLC’s
LLC vs. a "Normal" Corporation:
The primary distinction between an LLC and a "normal"
company such as a "C" corporation (USA) or a PLC (United
Kingdom), is that the LLC is a tax-neutral vehicle because it is
taxed as a partnership, rather than as a corporation. Thus, using
an LLC eliminates tax at the corporate level. In this regard, it
is somewhat like a U.S. "S" corporation or a German GmbH
but without all the restrictions and disadvantages. So if the LLC
itself has no tax payment obligation - then who does? The obligation
for any taxes that would otherwise be owed by the LLC bypasses the
LLC itself and attaches directly to the members of the LLC. Members
are to LLCs what shareholders are to normal companies. Other companies,
as well as individuals and trusts, can be members of an LLC. There
are no limits on the number of members or the classes of members
that an LLC may have. The important thing to remember is that each
member is responsible for his, her or its own pro-rata part of any
overall tax obligation of the LLC and that the LLC itself has no
tax obligations.
LLC as Trust Alternative:
Because of the flexibility available in LLC management structuring
and because of the favorable way in which the laws of Nevis are
drafted, LLCs can also be used as alternatives to a trust. The manager
of the LLC is akin to the trustee of a trust and the members are
akin to the beneficiaries of a trust. Sovereign Management Services
can act as a manager of an LLC on behalf of a client who desires
to take advantage of our corporate management services. Substituting
an LLC for a trust can change the reporting requirements of taxpayers
in onshore jurisdictions. Many providers have abandoned the trust
as an offshore planning vehicle because trusts have become a target
on onshore legislation and unfavourable court decisions (especially
in the U.S.). Hence many are instead recommending either an LLC
or a Foundation depending on what the client requirements are. The
income or capital gain of an LLC is not reportable as trust income
or gain or as corporate income or gain but is treated as personal
income or gain.
Multi-National Joint Ventures:
LLCs are excellent vehicles for structuring joint venture arrangements
between project participants from different countries. This is so
because the venture can enjoy all of the benefits of incorporation,
but each member is liable for his own taxation in his own country.
Moreover, the membership flexibility allows different joint ventures
to have different levels of ownership and reward based upon the
value that each constituent member brings to the project. The only
drawback is that prior to forming LLCs for multi-national joint
ventures, the parties must check to see that this hybrid entity
is granted the requisite corporate and pass through (partnership)
status in the jurisdictions in which the joint ventures are located.
Advice from a local onshore lawyer should be sought.
Tax Free:
All LLCs are free from all forms of Nevisian taxation. There are
no Nevisian taxes on dividends, income, capital distribution, or
wages whatsoever. Moreover, unlike many onshore jurisdictions, Nevis
does not tax an LLC for accumulated (but undistributed) earnings
Privacy:
All of the affairs of the LLC are private and cannot be disclosed
except under truly exceptional circumstances such as links to international
terrorism. The only document that needs to be filed with the government
is the annual corporate license and this contains minimal information.
There is no annual report or annual financial return that needs
to be made to the government. There is no public inspection of your
LLCs' records. Confidentiality is further enhanced if the LLC appoints
our company as manager and we perform the minimal corporate duties
required under Nevisian law.
Enhanced Confidentiality:
Nevisian LLC laws contain many requirements related to confidentiality
including strict financial secrecy laws. Strict legal requirements,
known as fiduciary duties, would also govern Sovereign Manager Services
behavior as a manager of an LLC. These fiduciary duties are imposed
on managers by both the equivalent of the LLCs bylaws and by the
proper law of the LLC (usually the law of the country where the
manager is located, i.e. Panama). Many of these fiduciary requirements
relate to secrecy and accounting obligations by which the manager
must abide. Nevisian LLC and Panamanian law prevent our company
from discussing your LLC business with anyone you have not instructed
us to talk to.
Other governments' agencies such as the Internal Revenue Service
in the United States, Revenue Canada, or the Inland Revenue in the
United Kingdom cannot force us to discuss your business with them
unless they obtain a court order against you or us or both ordering
us to make disclosure. But a court order from their respective jurisdiction
is useless in Nevis or Panama. In accordance with strong Nevisian
law, a judgement from outside of Nevis will not be recognised by
Nevisian courts. This means an onshore judgement creditor who won
a lawsuit against you or your LLC in, for example, the U.S. or Germany
cannot take that U.S. or German judgement and require a Nevisian
court to enforce it.
In addition to not recognizing the judgements of other countries,
Nevisian law and Nevisian courts do not favor the granting of court
orders against LLCs except under truly exceptional circumstances.
Nevisian law favors upholding the independence and application of
its own law over the enforcement of foreign, onshore laws.
To set up a Nevis LLC, click here.
|